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The Inside Story On
Cold Fusion

Paul Pintarich

"Build a better mousetrap," the adage goes, "and the world will beat a path
to your door ?" Unless, of course, you happen to be outnumbered by some
very fat cats waiting to pounce all over you.The analogy comes to mind
while observing Stephen Kaplan's handsome gray cat, "Moustache," as he
lurks about Kaplan's small apartment out near Raleigh Hills.

It's a nice day, early spring, and Kaplan, a 60-year-old bearded man of
pleasant intensity, has been talking about inventors creating brave new
sources of alternative energy; scientific innovators whose efforts, he
claims, are being thwarted by government-supported scientists and
industries committed to the status quo.

Using terms like "serendipitous transformations," "paradigm shifts" and
"over-unity devices," Kaplan describes a variety of power sources that, he
claims, are infinite and exist virtually everywhere.Not only are these energy sources ubiquitous, Kaplan asserts, but they are inexpensive, clean, dependable and safe. Even more dramatically, they seemingly contradict laws of physics (and create controversy) by allegedly producing great amounts of energy from a tiny fuel source-hence the term
"over-unity."

In addition to solar, wind and geothermal power, Kaplan's lexicon lists
cold fusion, solid-state energy devices, magnets, hydrogen, use of waste
heat, low-impact water power and other innovations, all of which are still
in the research stage.

Before Kaplan builds to a full head of steam, however, he is asked for his
credentials. He earned a master's of arts in government from Cornell
University in 1965, and later was an aide to Sen. Gaylord Nelson, D-Wisc.,
working in fields of economic opportunity, housing and energy. He has
taught at various colleges and universities, has been a long-time
environmental and peace activist, an anti-poverty worker, and has worked in
the fields of alternative housing and energy.

Though not a scientist, Kaplan is a staff member of The Catalyst Institute,
a non-profit group that supports scientists concerned with health and the
environment. Also, a couple of years ago he formed "Creativity Associates,"
a concept designed to encourage people to escape what he calls "thinking
traps" regarding energy technologies.

Kaplan is quick to admit he is an "enlightened hustler" seeking to raise
funds to support energy research. Yet he considers himself a teacher rather
than a purveyor of "hype," and says enthusiastically, "What's exciting is
the sharing of all forms of new energy over the internet. People are
learning what works, and the bottom line is there is a whole range of
technologies that haven't been examined."

Kaplan adds that, while he favors all energy alternatives, "cold fusion is
the closest to being ready for commercial use. Most of the public wants to
know if it works, and what will finally settle the argument," he says
confidently, "is technology that will be available in the next few years."

Fusion is the opposite of fission, though both involve atoms, the tiny
building blocks that make up all matter. An atom consists of a nucleus of
protons and neutrons, and electrons, which zip around the nucleus.
Different atoms contain different amounts of protons, neutrons, and
electrons, and form different types of matter.

Very simply, fission is the splitting of an atom's nucleus to begin a chain
reaction that releases a great amount of energy, as in a nuclear bomb or
power plant.

Fusion is the joining together of atomic nuclei. Hot fusion uses the
lightest element, hydrogen, and requires temperatures reaching millions of
degrees Fahrenheit, as in the hydrogen bomb, though hot fusion power plants
have yet to be developed.

Unfortunately, explaining cold fusion-the joining of atomic nuclei at
normal room temperature-is more difficult, since even those who believe in
its existence, Kaplan explains, are not entirely sure how it works.

Research indicates cold fusion may be based on the reaction of a metal such
as palladium, which has large spaces between its nuclei, reacting to a
liquid form of hydrogen called deuterium. Scientists agree that the
deuterium is absorbed into the palladium's spaces, but disagree with cold
fusion proponents over whether the absorption is a nuclear reaction,
thereby creating heat.

On March 23, 1989, cold fusion generated even more heat after British
electrochemist Martin Fleischmann and a younger scientist, Stanley Pons,
head of the University of Utah's chemistry department, announced success
with an experiment in cold fusion that rocked the scientific world.

The pair claimed to have created excess heat in a modest electrolytic
cell-essentially, a one-quart Mason jar filled with deuterium into which
was inserted a platinum wire and a one-inch square sheet of
palladium--announcing their discovery publically and worldwide, and drawing
the wrath of the scientific community.

Fleischmann and Pons, refused funding by the U.S. Department of Energy
(DOE) in 1989, have since exiled themselves to France.

Kaplan points out that research in cold fusion is, by the way, being taken
very seriously in Japan, where 100 patents have been issued and support has
come from Toyota, Mitsubishi and Toshiba. It is being supported in India,
Italy (with support from Fiat), France, Germany and, ironically, in
Portland, where Dr. John Dash, a metallurgist at Portland State University,
is carrying out cold fusion research with support from the Army.

Alternative energy is also being accepted by firms in this country, notably
BlackLight Power in Pennsylvania, which is developing hydrogen gas
technology and includes among
its investors two electrical power companies, including PacifCorp of
Oregon.

Kaplan and others, supported by substantial documentation in books,
magazines and films, claim alternative energy advocates have been refused
patents and research funding, stifled by a government linked closely with
the scientific establishment and fat-cat industries committed to fossil
fuels and nuclear power plants.

With a wry grin, Kaplan says, "No matter how much oil we find, it's still a
finite source. And unless we choose to live underground, if we keep burning
fossil fuels our biosphere will be debilitated by pollution, global
warning, and the storing of hazardous waste."

Interestingly, according to scientists quoted by Kaplan, radioactive waste
can be used as fuel and rendered relatively harmless in the cold fusion
process. This could save billions of dollars, Kaplan says, in the cleanup
of Hanford and other nuclear sites.

Cold fusion may also create rare elements from more common ones-a kind of
new alchemy-and homes, cars and businesses may ultimately be powered by
individual power cells, doing away with costly and unsightly overhead power
grids.

According to theorists, the entire universe consists of energy, including
ourselves, and infinite, free "zero-point energy" exists throughout space,
awaiting only the development of suitable technology to contain it.
They point to the experiments of brilliant energy pioneer Nikola Tesla, who
in the late 19th century conceived of generating and transmitting free
energy through the earth and in the air. Despite major successes with his
"Tesla Coil," he was allegedly defeated by commercial interests, notably
financier J. Pierpont Morgan who had a monopoly on copper used in
electrical wire.

Kaplan says that despite obstacles, including the media, who, he claims,
"are not doing their job in this area by listening only to the scientific
establishment," there is growing support among scientists, including some
in the DOE, and enlightened philanthropists who are beginning to support
alternative research.

"Getting out the truth about real scientific findings is important," Kaplan
emphasizes. "And the government has to be involved, otherwise it is being
irresponsible."

Looking outside, where the sun hits the trees, shadowing a brilliant green
lawn rolling down to a small pond, Kaplan smiles to himself and muses, "I'm
the kind of guy who goes with my heart and feelings, and acts on it. The
trend now is back to a more sustainable environment, and the young, who are
thinking life anew, are going to need new technologies."

Kaplan adds, "I have a great joy and deep conviction in what I'm doing. I'm
working with a community of colleagues in this field, and we share a vision
of what this earth could be like in the future.

"Imagine! With this new technology we can travel to the stars, feed the
hungry and provide efficient, low-cost energy to everyone."

©1998 OUR TOWN All Rights Reserved
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The above article appeared in Our Town, April 13, 1998. A more complete
overview of new energy developments can be found in an article I
co-authored with Dr. Brian O'Leary entitled "Miracle in the Void: The New
Energy Revolution". This article can be found below.

I am currently seeking social investors who wish to help deal with our
environmental crisis and make a profit. Through my research, I have
located the most promising companies in the coming energy revolution, and I
look forward to linking interested investors with these companies.

MIRACLE IN THE VOID:

THE NEW ENERGY REVOLUTION

©1999

By Dr. Brian O’Leary and Stephen Kaplan

"Ere many generations pass, our machinery will be driven by power obtainable

at any point in the universe. . .it is a mere question of time when men will succeed

in attaching their machinery to the very wheelwork of nature." - Nikola Tesla

Imagine a world with abundant, compact, inexpensive, clean energy. Global warming has been reversed. The air is clean. Power and gas stations have been put to other uses, and the unsightly grid system has been dismantled and recycled. An unusual type of energy makes all this possible. It does not come from the sun, wind, rain or tides, nor is it a fossil or nuclear fuel taken from the ground or chemically synthesized. In some cases the source appears to be everywhere in space-time, invisible and infinite. In others, nuclear transmutations seem to be miraculously taking place at room temperature accompanying the release of energy.

Incredible as this scenario appears, we shall see in this article that laboratories around the world are repeatedly tapping into this abundant energy. Some leading theoretical physicists are beginning to understand why and how this is possible. Several companies are in the beginning stages of bringing workable devices to market that clearly produce more energy than what is needed to run them (so-called overunity devices)..

Research Breakthroughs and Commercial Developments

According to knowledgeable observers, we should focus our attention on six new technologies: (1) plasma-type devices; (2) solid-state electromagnetic devices; (3) ) hydrogen gas cells; (4) super motors based on super magnets; (5) cold fusion or "new hydrogen energy" (the Japanese name for cold fusion); (6) hydrosonic or cavitation devices.

Plasma-type devices - A variety of plasma-type devices have been patented and are being developed with private funding for applications ranging from computer chips to power plants. One of the most promising of these devices is called the XS NRG PAGD (Pulsed Abnormal Glow Discharge) reactor. Created by inventors Dr. Paulo and Alexandra Correa at Labofex in Canada, the system is well on its way to commercialization for electric power generation in vehicles and in homes, solidly protected by U.S and foreign patents (U.S. Patent 5,449,989).

The reactor’s self-oscillating electrical plasma discharge produces electrical energy directly, with no intermediate thermal conversion step. The electricity produced by the Correas’ device is effectively free. The Correas write conservatively: " . . .The cost of kWh (kilowatt hours) produced by this technology is estimated to be more than ten times cheaper than what is presently available from any other energy source."

Ken Shoulders’ "charge cluster" device is another promising plasma technology. Shoulders worked for a number of years as a researcher for MIT, Stanford Research Institute and private corporations. In the 1960s he helped to develop much of today’s microcircuit technology. His high-density charge cluster device produces more than thirty times greater output than input energy.

Produced by a short pulse of electric potential, a typical one-micron charge cluster is a tightly packed group of about 100 billion electrons which have broken free from their nuclei and have come together into remarkably stable ring-shaped units that look like tiny donuts. At first glance, they seem to violate a principle of physics that asserts that electrical charges, either positive or negative, repel each other. Shoulders’ 1991 patent for "energy conversion using high charge density" was the first successful patent to claim significantly more output than input in a device that could be a practical source of decentralized electrical energy (U.S. Patent 5,018,180). Because charge cluster technology works without the need for magnetic fields or low temperatures, it could well be one of the first new energy devices to be commercialized.

Shoulders’ basic process may also be valuable for the remediation of nuclear waste. By bombarding radioactive nuclei with charge clusters, the induced nuclear reactions (primarily fissioning of the heavier elements) result in a reduction of harmful radiation. Laboratory experiments show a dramatic transmutation of radioactive thorium into smaller-mass elements with the marked reduction of the naturally radioactive thorium. With proper engineering complete eradication may become possible.

(2) Solid-state devices - A pioneering solid-state technology is Wingate Lambertson’s World into Neutrinos (WIN) process. Dr. Lambertson has conducted materials research and development for such organizations as U.S. Steel, the Universities of Toledo and Rutgers, Argonne National Laboratory, the Carborundum Company and Spindletop. He has been doing independent dresearch over the past two decades on a a solid state device which he believes can provide a practical source of power through the harnessing of zero-point energy.

Lamberton’s "electron dam" (E-dam) is made out of Cermet, a highly advanced heat-resistant ceramic and metal composite. An accelerated electrical charge sends a stream of electrons into the E-dam, and the electrons become stored much like a conventional dam stores water. When the electrons are released, they gain energy from the zero-point energy present in the E-dam. After they flow into the unit to be powered, they move into another E-dam for recycling.

Lambertson changed his cermet chemistry and E-dam design when he learned that an unexpected chemical reaction was taking place. A different combination of materials and composite design appears to stabilize the process, and a yield of 145 percent was achieved in tests conducted in 1998. Since that time an induction effect has become a major problem which severely inhibits charge acceleration and yield. The present direction of his research is towards reducing induction in his E-dam using two different complementary approaches. It appears that these approaches will solve his remaining major problem. His highest yield using these approaches in June 1999 was 109 percent. Lambertson is confident that he will achieve higher yields with further experimentation, probably as high as 200 per cent, the level needed for commercial viability. He is currently exploring future production with interested manufacturers. Lambertson has a strong interest in providing new solutions for the energy needs of developing nations.

Highly regarded Canadian inventor John Hutchinson has developed a solid state "crystal energy converter" made out of very common materials which is an electrical power source he claims behaves like a battery and never runs down. This small, self-running power source, which typically puts out DC power amounting to one or two volts, has produced up to six watts of power, and he believes it could be engineered to replace batteries and other power needs.

Hydrogen gas cell - Dr. Randell Mills of BlackLight Power, Inc. has come up with a simple device he believes turns hydrogen into a clean and limitless source of power. In his lab, Mills puts in a small amount of hydrogen gas into a vacuum-sealed, three-quart stainless steel "can", adds a few tablespoons of a common chemical compound, turns up the heat to about 250 degrees centigrade and seemingly creates ten to twenty times more energy than he put into the process.

According to Mills, the secret to BlackLight Power comes from shrinking or collapsing the size of the hydrogen atom from its natural "ground" state to a lower energy state. As the hydrogen nucleus collapses, the electron gives off heat energy, and the smaller the nucleus gets, the more heat the electron gives off. Once started, the reaction can sustain itself, as the hydrogen atoms collapse smaller and smaller, releasing increasing amounts of energy with each collapsing "transition". Of course, we do not yet know whether Mills’ theory or some other will eventually be accepted by science as the explanation for this process. The important point is that the experimental results show that it works.

An impressive feature of the BlackLight Power gas cell is its simplicity. If successful, the process is also attractive because it is safe, lacks harmful byproducts or emissions, and does not require the use of exotic or scarce materials. The only "waste" products are collapsed hydrogen atoms, or what Mills calls "hydrinos", which have characteristics similar to helium, being inert and lighter than air.

Because hydrogen is the most abundant element both on Earth and throughout the universe, the abundance of energy available through this process is difficult even to imagine. For example, a cup of water contains enough hydrogen to produce over 3,000 kilowatt-hours of heat if you "collapse" the hydrogen atoms to one-twentieth of their normal size, or enough to provide all the energy needed for an average home - space and water heating plus electricity - for a month.

PacifiCorp, an Oregon-based utility holding firm, has demonstrated its belief in Mills’ work by investing more than one million dollars in the company, and other corporations appear likely to follow their lead. With this kind of support, Mills is confident his company will soon complete a BlackLight Power cell that will produce a full kilowatt of heat. Once this is accomplished, it can quickly to bring to market a commercially viable energy cell.

(3)Magnetic Motors - Based on physicist Michael Faraday’s observation in the 1830s that anomalous electricity can come off a rotating disk containing magnets, a number of inventors have created motors that they believe have produced over-unity power in public demonstrations. One of us (O’Leary) watched several such demonstrations, as reported in the book Miracle in the Void. According to their inventors, some of these new devices produce four to six times as much mechanical energy as input electrical energy. In other words, once a machine achieves a certain threshold of revolutions per minute, it supposedly can be unplugged and serve as a free-running generator of electricity.

A number of magnetic motors have been evaluated by Magnetic Power, Inc., including devices created by the following inventors: Takahashi, Johnson, Tobias, Adams, Yassir, Werjefelt, Kawai, Sweet, Muller and Newman. They have also tested a device called the Magnetic Wankel from the Japanese firm, Kure Teko. None of these devices have yet proven to function over- unity under load.

According to Magnetic Power, there are two eminent scientists whose work on magnetic devices may some day bear fruit: Dr. Paramahamsa Tewari, Chief Project Engineer for India’s Kaiga nuclear power plant construction program, who is developing what he claims is a "space energy" motor/generator with support from the Indian government; and Dr. Harold Aspden in Great Britain, former patent counsel for IBM Europe, who is working on his version of a practical over-unity magnetic motor.

Many of the devices developed by inventors have proven to be merely magnetic flywheels and are therefore in fact only a type of mechanical energy storage device. As our still incomplete understanding of magnetism continues to grow, it is possible that one day a design based on a new source of energy will prove practical. Roots, a subsidiary of Magnetic Power, is developing room temperature UltraconductorsÔ . Made of highly conductive polymer materials, this technology may make possible the creation of very powerful, lightweight motors and generators without the use of iron or copper.

(5) Cold fusion - On March 23, 1989 Drs. Martin Fleischmann and Stanley Pons at the University of Utah startled the world with their claim that they were getting excess thermal energy far beyond electrical input energy from an electrochemical cell with a palladium cathode and a heavy water electrolyte. The cell output, they said, was substantially more than could be explained by any chemical reactions.

Considerable controversy has surrounded cold fusion ever since the first experiments. In 1989, a Department of Energy research panel, dominated by hot fusion advocates, proclaimed that no government funding should be invested in such a questionable area of research. Since then, following the lead of the scientific establishment, the media has generally either criticized or ignored cold fusion researchers.

However, the evidence for the validity of cold fusion is growing stronger and stronger daily. The peer-reviewed published literature provides overwhelming support for both the nuclear-scale excess heat and nuclear changes in what were supposed to be exclusively chemically active systems. There have been reports of transmutations of heavy elements in various cold fusion experiments - both in ordinary water and in heavy water systems - potassium changed to calcium, rubidium to strontium, and palladium to silver, rhodium, ruthenium, etc.

The Pons-Fleischmann process has been declaired valid by Dr. Georges Lonchampt, one of the top members of the French Atomic Energy Agency. Researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory and the U.S. Navy’s China Lake research lab have conducted successful cold fusion experiments. Finally, the U.S. Army has reviewed the pioneering cold fusion research of Dr. John Dash, a mettalurgist from Portland State University in Oregon, and decided to fund his work for three years.

Stanley Pons and Martin Fleischmann, despite overwhelming criticism heaped on them by US scientists and scoffing by American media, continued their work in France and England. With funding from a Toyota Foundation, they claim to have have made excellent strides in the development of the heavy-water, palladium cathode, electrochemical cells. Currently, months of continuous testing of cells operating at boiling temperature has produced data showing thermal output of twice the input electrical power — all from a tiny palladium cathode

Clean Energy Technologies (CETI) is marketing licenses for the a power cell invented by Dr. James Patterson, a scientist with a distinguished record of achievement. News of his device spread widely when it was discussed on two ABC shows, Nightline and Good Morning America.

The Power Cell has produced kilowatt levels of thermal energy at more than twenty times the input electrical energy. It has been independently tested and replicated by several universities, utilities and corporate research laboratories. Motorola has tested a number of cells and found that with at least one cell they were able to turn the input electrolysis power off, walk away, and have the output power of twenty watts (thermal) continue for at least a half a day. On June 11, 1997, CETI announced on Good Morning America that a prototype hot water heater is scheduled to be mass-produced within two to four years.

Perhaps the most astonishing finding from cold fusion research is the apparent observation of radioactivity reduction in the process! CETI, one of the first cold fusion companies, recently announced it had been awarded a US patent on an electrolytic process for reducing the radioactivity of thorium and uranium. The company claims its process can reduce the radioactivity of radioactive materials by over 90 per cent in periods less than 24 hours — compressing into hours what nature takes billions of years to do. A demonstration of this seemingly successful process was included in the same Good Morning America story which described Patterson’s prototype water heater.

Dr. Norm Olson, a Department of Energy researcher based at its Hanford nuclear facility, was interviewed by ABC and indicated an interest in exploring Patterson’s process. He later tested the CETI power cell and found that it did indeed reduce the radioactivity of uranium and thorium. He cautions, however, that much more basic research needs to be done before this or any other process can be developed into a workable technology for dealing with nuclear waste.

There are at least three other groups who also claim to be able to reduce radioactivity by other methods, which have yet to be awarded patents. One of them, the Cincinnati Group, is marketing to scientists a kit which demonstrates their transmutation process. If purchasers follow their suggested protocal and do not get the claimed results, their money will be refunded.

Very much worth watching is a recent cold fusion invention announced at the most recent International Conference on Cold Fusion (ICCF-7), held in Vancouver, B.C. in April 1998. It is the "catalytic fusion" process of MIT-trained chemical engineer Dr. Les Case. Based on more than six years of painstaking research, Dr. Case's discovery appears to be a nearly optimal embodiment of the orginal Fleischmann-Pons process. A pre-treated activated carbon catalyst with 0.5% to 1.0% palladium or other catalytic metal content apparently can catalyze the fusion reaction of heavy hydrogen (deuterium) gas to helium at elevated temperature (150 to 250 ° C). In tests conducted by Dr. Eugene Mallove of Infinite Energy magazine, it was confirmed that the Case process achieved a persisting excess temperature that climbed to 13.2 ° C above the baseline temperature of 178.1, which represents approximately 7.5 watts excess power.

It exhibits the heat-after-death phenomenon that many researchers have reported coming from cold fusion cells: heat production with no input power after the reaction is triggered.

If replication holds up, it may be impossible for anyone to deny Dr. Case's process, especially once he has made a device that can self-sustain - that is, employ no electrical heater power. Mallove believes the process looks well-positioned to be a simple commerical power-generating technology in small, distributed units, as well as in large power plants.

(6) Hydrosonic or cavitation devices - James Griggs’ Hydrosonic Pump is already being sold to customers, regularly providing them with over-unity energy. An energy efficiency consultant from Georgia, Griggs invented the pump as a result of his curiosity about a common phenomenon called water hammer or cavitation. Griggs noticed that heat emanated from fluids, which flow quickly through the pipes of a boiler causing water pressure to drop in part of the pipe. Bubbles formed in the low-pressure areas collapse when carried to areas of higher pressure. The resulting shock waves collide inside the pipe bringing about the water hammer effect.

Griggs’ pump is made up of a cylindrical rotor that fits closely within a steel case. When the rotor spins, water is forced through the shallow space between the rotor and the case. The resulting acceleration and turbulence created in the gap somehow heats the water and creates steam. In 1988, a testing expert found that the heat energy put out by the hydrosonic pump was 10 to 30% higher than energy used to turn the rotor.

In 1990, Griggs started Hydrodynamics, Inc. He and his partner have invested over a million dollars in the business. The units they are selling are not only more efficient than standard boilers but they also require less maintenance. They are self-cleaning and eliminate the problem of mineral build-up that reduces the efficiency of standard boilers. Georgia Power and the civil engineering department at Georgia Institute of Technology are currently conducting studies of the pump.

A new cavitation device similar to the Griggs machine is now available for testing, scientific investigation and purchase by research laboratories. This is the

"Kinetic Furnace" of Kinetic Heating Systems, Inc. of Cumming, Georgia. Jointly invented by Eugene Perkins and Ralph E. Pope, the furnace is a heat-producing rotary cavitation device for which the inventors have been granted four United States patents, the most recent one in 1994. Numerous independent companies and testing agenices have found the same over-unity performance: Coefficient of Performance or C.O.P.(the ratio of output to input power) in the range 1.2 to as high as 7.0, with most typical operation in the range 1.5 to 2.0. Dr. Mallove and Jed Rothwell of Infinite Energy recently confirmed the excess heat in a preliminary on-site test.

The reeactions responsible for the excess energy in the Perkins-Pope device may be novel nuclear reactions or the tapping of energy reservoirs that some have referred to as new hydrogen energy states or zero point energy. There is no possibility, according to

Dr. Mallove, that the device can be explained by chemical energy or "storage energy".

The Kinetic Furnace represents a technology that will have application in water and air heating, and perhaps in self-standing electric power production and rotary mechanical power production. One of the largest commercial hot water heater manufacturers in the world, State Industries of Tennessee, has been calling regularly to check on the inventors' progress. That company, and no doubt others, are taking a keen interest in the near-term prospect of equipping their commercial water heating systems with devices that could save the consumer 30% or more of their electric utility bills.

First Gate Energies (formerly known as E-Quest Sciences) has created devices that use ultrasound induced cavitation. to produce large amounts (hundreds of watts) of anomalous excess energy. Experimental devices also produce helium and in some experiments significant amounts of tritium. The process does not produce any observable penetrating radiation or nuclear waste.

There is no consensus regarding how this process works. According to one hypothesis, a myriad of collapsing bubbles form during multi-bubble cavitation produced by intense ultrasound, and the individual bubbles act like micro-accelerators injecting deuterons and other ions into nearby solid lattices. Under the influence of the lattice and with other stimulation, nuclear reactions involving deuterons and other nuclei are initatied and controlled.

First Gate has successfully demonstrated their devices and methods at Los Alamos National Laboratory and at SRI International. It is currently seeking strategic alliances with companies which can help them develop commercial products such as hot water heaters and space heaters.

The Physics of Zero-Point Energy

As impressive as the experimental evidence may be, most scientists do not seem to understand how these "free energy" devices could work, since they seem to violate the laws of thermodynamics. Only when the new processes are understood properly will it be seen that they behave lawfully. We see a growing consensus among some physicists and systems engineers concerning the changes in theoretical models that will be required to account for the growing number of experiments pointing to this phenomenon.

Some physicists have hypothesized that an all-pervasive electromagnetic energy field must be present for electrons and other particles to be continually vibrating as they radiate away energy. They assert that this "vacuum energy" is a fundamental property of nature, a conclusion based on experiments and observations in quantum mechanics.

Physicists Harold Puthoff, Bernhard Haisch and Alfonso Rueda have recently published papers on this in the prestigious peer-reviewed journal Physical Review A and in the highly regarded periodicals The Sciences and Mercury. In these articles they suggest that if an electromagnetic charge is accelerated in the zero point field, there may exist conditions which allow for either the extraction of energy from the field, or dissolution of energy into the field. This accelerative force might then break the monotony of homogeneity and isotropy that has held us back from perceiving the vast benefits that lay within the vacuum of space. In fact, the rotary motions of fluids and magnets, as well as the resonant vibrations inside solid state devices, appear to provide the needed accelerative forces to tap the zero-point field.

One of us (O’Leary) has also looked at the possibility that the zero point field concept might be related to the mysterious interactions found in quantum mechanics and psychic phenomena. In combination, these anomalies of materialistic science might lead us to look toward creation of a new science of consciousness.

The Environmental Imperative

During the 1970s, many of us were first exposed to some of growing global energy and environmental problems. The OPEC Cartel, gas station lines, smog, oil spills, oil wars, nuclear accidents, nuclear proliferation and waste disposal were in the headlines and began to become known by the public U.S. citizens and to stimulate needed policy changes.

The global situation is even more critical now than it was in the ‘70s. Global warming from greenhouse gases coming mainly from the burning of fossil fuels may be the most ominous sign of possibly irreversible damage. A growing consensus among mainstream climatologists is that the unprecedented persistence of El Nino conditions and resulting local weather extremes can be directly traced to overuse of oil and coal for electricity, heating and transportation. Incremental reforms such as emission controls, energy conservation and turning to renewable sources, while helpful, are clearly insufficient to stop, much less reverse, current trends.

Widespread loss of life and deteriorating health throughout the world is caused by both the pollution and the weather shifts. Moreover, these conditions have led to an acceleration of airborne diseases that have already killed hundreds in the affected areas. Public health experts are warning that this may only be the beginning of widespread plagues. Some scientists have warned that global warming is also accelerating ozone depletion, an even more serious threat to life on Earth.

Trends in energy use make the picture look more menacing. During the two decades, which have passed since the time the energy crisis first erupted, we have tripled oil consumption and doubled electricity use worldwide. Fortune magazine has noted that if the per capita energy consumption of China and India rises to that of South Korea (which we believe is a realistic scenario), and the Chinese and Indian populations increase at currently projected rates, "these two countries alone will need a total of 119 million barrels of oil a day…almost double the world’s entire demand today." Other experts, including Hal Fox, have estimated that the burning of fossil fuels by all nations at projected levels not far in the future would simply make our planet uninhabitable.

The Transition to a Free Energy Economy

Free energy technology holds immense promise for alleviating or eliminating entirely the threat posed by fossil fuel and nuclear pollution. It will also allow all areas of the world, including both developed and developing economies, to meet increasing needs for energy without bringing about environmental disaster.

The rate of invention and communication in the new energy field is accelerating rapidly. Thousands of experiments are being conducted around the world, some by inventors working alone and others by collaborative efforts. Granted, we are largely in the research phase of the research and development cycle, with no guarantees that any particular commercial system will become available within a certain time frame. Granted, too, there have been and will be many false starts and exaggerated claims. However, given the significant initiatives in cold fusion and other new energy technologies in the U.S., Japan and elsewhere, there is little doubt that workable free energy devices will be available soon.

Japan may be first country to achieve a breakthrough to commercially available technology. With minimal domestic energy supply, Japan has little to lose and much to gain from developing new energy sources. There are more institutional barriers to, and less incentive for, the development of free energy in the United States. Yet work here is widespread, and projects are beginning to attract funding from a wide variety of investors, including utilities.

The revolution in personal computing is helping to speed up the free energy revolution. A number of dynamic free energy discussion groups can be found on the Internet, characterized by spirited discussion of emerging issues and down-to-earth exchange of research data and suggestions. Because of the distinctive openness of Internet communication, cooperation among participating inventors and scientists almost certainly guarantees that potentially workable theories and processes will be widely replicated and tested. Furthermore, no central authority will be able to squelch progress, as it might have been able to do in the past when individual inventors almost always worked in isolation.

We are in the midst of a scientific revolution of unprecedented magnitude. The necessity to overhaul our currently bankrupt energy systems to save the environment is an idea whose time has come. As we bring into existence new forms of power, we will bring about social and economic change unparalleled in human history. The situation we are in demands fresh perspectives and inspired leadership. Can we successfully master the challenges this transformation presents? We believe we must and can do so, but only if we start now the kind of democratic discussion and action this momentous shift requires.

A Bibliography and Guide to Resources

What follows is a listing of the sources of information on the free energy revolution. Included are major books and articles, persons and organizations which are authorities in the field, and selected web sites.

In preparing this resource, we have gained valuable knowledge and insight from a few knowledgeable people who keep close watch over developments in the new energy field, including Dr. Hal Fox, editor of

New Energy News and the Journal of New Energy, Thomas Valone of the Integrity Research Institute, Dr. Eugene Mallove of Infinite Energy magazine, Bruce Miland of Electrifying Times, and Jeane Manning, author of The Coming Energy Revolution.

SELECTED REFERENCES

Books

Bearden, Thomas, The New Tesla Electromagnetics and the Secrets of Electrical Free Energy, Tesla Book Company, Chula Vista CA, 1990

Cheney, Margaret, Tesla: Man Out of Time, Dell Publishing, New York, 198l

Childress, David Hatcher, The Free Energy Device Handbook, Adventures Unlimited Press, Kempton IL, 1994

Davidson, John, The Secret of the Creative Vacuum, C.W. Daniel Co. Ltd., Essex, England, 1989

Davidson, John, Subtle Energy, C.W. Daniel Co. Ltd., Essex, England, 1987

Eisen, Jonathan, editor, Suppressed Inventions and Other Discoveries, Auckland Institute of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand, 1994

Fox, Hal, Space Energy Impact in the 21^st Century. Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City, UT

Fox, Hal, Cold Fusion Impact in the Enhanced Energy Age, Fusion Information Center, Salt Lake City, UT, 1992 — Bibliography on computer disk available in English, Russian and Spanish

Kelly, Don, The Manual of Free Energy Devices and Systems, Cadake Industries Inc., Clayton, GA, 1987

King, Moray B., Tapping the Zero-Point Energy, Paraclete Publishing, P.O. Box 859, Provo, UT 84603, 1989

Lindemann, Peter A. A History of Free Energy Discoveries. Bayside, CA: Borderland Sciences Research Foundation, 1986

Mallove, Eugene F., Fire From Ice: Searching for the Truth Behind the Cold Fusion Furor, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1991

Manning, Jeane, The Coming Energy Revolution, Avery Books, New York, 1995 —

The best general journalistic piece on free energy developments

Mizuno, Dr. Tadahiko, Nuclear Transmutation: The Reality of Cold Fusion. Cold Fusion Technology, Inc., P.O. Box 2816, Concord, NH 03302-2816 - An account of one scientist’s experience on the frontiers of new energy research.

Moray, T. Henry and John Moray, The Sea of Energy, Cosray Research Institute, P.O. Box 651045, Salt Lake City UT 84165-1045, 1978

O’Leary, Brian, Miracle in the Void, Kamapuaa Press, 1993 South Kihei Road, Suite 21-100, Kihei HI 96753, 1996

Seifert, Mark, Wizard: The Life of Nikola Tela

Talbot, Michael, The Holographic Universe, HarperCollins, New York, 1991

Tewari, Paramahamsa, Beyond Matter, Printwell Publications, Lekh Raj Nagar, Aligarh-202001, India, 1984

Valone, Thomas, Electrogravitics Systems, Integrity Research Institute, Washington DC, 1994

Articles

Cole, Daniel C., and Harold Puthoff. "Extracting Energy and Heat from the Vacuum". Physical Review E Vol. 48, No. 2 (August 1993): 1562-1565

Haisch, Bernhard, Alfonso Rueda and Harold E. Puthoff, "Beyond E=MC ,"

The Sciences (November/December 1994) and Physical Review A (February 1994)

Hathaway, George. "The Hutchison Effect." Electric Spacecraft Journal Vol. 1 No. 4 (1991): 6-12

Kestenbaum, David. "Cold Fusion: Science or Religion?" R&D Magazine, Vol. 39 No.4 (April 1997): 51-56Lambertson, Wingate. "History and Status of the WIN Process." In Proceedings of the International Symposium on New Energy, in Denver, May 12-14, 1994. Fort Collins, CO: Rocky Mountain Research Institute, 1994, 283-288

Lindemann, Peter A. "Thermodynamics and Free Energy." Borderlands Vol. L No. 3 (Fall 1994): 6-10

Mallove, Eugene F. "Cold Fusion: The ‘Miracle" is No Mistake." Analog, July/August 1997: 53-73

Puthoff, Harold. "Quantum Fluctuations of Empty Space: A New Rosetta Stone of Physics?" Frontier Perspectives Vol. 2 No. 2 (Fall/Winter 1991): 19-23

Tesla, Nikola. "The Problem of Increasing Human Energy." The Century Illustrated

Monthly Magazine, June 1909, 210

Videotapes

Free Energy: The Race to Zero Point — A comprehensive 110-minute broadcast-quality documentary featuring the most promising devices, processes and theories from brilliant visionary scientists and the most persistent independent inventors on the planet. Hosted by Bill Jenkins, written and directed by Christopher Toussaint and produced by Harry Deligter. Distributed by Lightworks Audio & Video.

Can be ordered from Fusion Information Center, P.O. Box 58639, Salt Lake City, Utah 84158

Cold Fusion and New Energy Briefing: Recent Breakthroughs, History, Science and Technology - a two and a half hour video taped lecture and seminar by

Dr. Eugene F. Mallove, editor of Infinite Energy.

Order from Cold Fusion Technology, Inc., P.O. Box 2816, Concord, N.H. 03302-2816.

Cold Fusion: Fire from Water - a fast-paced documentary about what has happened to the Cold Fusion discovery in the years since the Utah announcement. The most recent and comprehensive overview of the work being carried out in laboratories and companies.

Order from Cold Fusion Technology, Inc., P.O. Box 2816, Concord, NH 03302-2816.

INFORMATION SOURCES

A list of information sources (listed alphabetically) that are expressing interest in cold fusion or other enhanced energy devices

Periodicals and Journals

Electrifying Times Newsletter.

Published by Bruce Meland, 63600 Deschutes Road, Bend, OR 97701. Phone 503-388-1908; Fax 503-382- 0384 EMai1 02331.2166@compuserve.com

Infinite Energy Magazine - a comprehensive publication that covers R&D in cold fusion and new energy technology, the "Scientific American" of the field. Published six times a year by Cold Fusion Technology, Inc., P.O. Box 2816, Concord, New Hampshire 03302-2816. Tel. 603-228-4516;

Fax: 603-224-5975. Email: editor@infinite-energy.com. Web site: www.infinite-energy.com

New Energy News (NEN) INE Newsletter
The monthly newsletter of the Institute for New Energy. Salt Lake City, UT. TEL 801-583-6232, FAX 801-583-2963. Email to ine@padrak.com. Web Site at www.padrak.com/ine/

Planetary Association for Clean Energy (PACE) Newsletter

Quarterly newsletter, edited by Dr. Andrew Michrowski, 100 Bronson

Avenue, No. 1001, Ottawa, Ontario K1R 6G6, Canada, TEL 613-236-6265, FAX 613-235-5876.. Now available: Clean Energy Review, a technical and scientific discussion prepared for the Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency's panel reviewing nuclear fuel wastes disposal. Discusses transmutation as one possible solution. $5.00 U.S. and Canadian, $7.50 other countries.

Space Energy Journal
Quarterly newsletter/magazine edited by Jim Kettner and Don Kelly, P.O. Box 1136, Clearwater, FL 34617-1136.

WEB SITES

Aether Science: Home Page of Harold Aspden

Ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/H_ASPDEN

Bearden, Thomas — Authored Files

www.newphys.se/elektromagnum/physics/Bearden/

Bearden, Thomas — Virtual Times — Authored Files

www.hsv.com/writers/bearden/tommenu.htm

Bedini, John — Collection of Free Energy Machines

rand.nidlink.com/~john1/

BlackLight Power, Inc. Homepage

www.blacklig htpower.com

Explore Publications (and Explore Magazine)www.electriciti.com/explore/

Free Energy, Anti-Gravity & Quantum Physics: Leading Edge

www.trufax.org/menu/energy.html

Hot and Cold Running Fusion

www.skypoint.com/subscribers/jlogajan

Infinite Energy Magazine

www.infinite-energy.com

Institute for New Energy (INE)

www.padrak.com/ine/ Contains many important scientific papers and current reports on all areas of research. Email to ine@padrak.com . INE, P.O. Box 58639, Salt Lake City, UT 84158-8639. TEL 801-583-6232, FAX 801-583-2963. Features "New Energy News", the monthly newsletter for the INE, highlighting the research and development in the worldwide new energy arena. Edited by Hal Fox

Homepage by Stefan Hartmann in Germany

www.overunity.de

KeelyNet BBS
Science and health oriented information exchange that specializes in nonstandard research, much of it on new energy. Jerry Decker, 214-324-3501. Web site at www.keelynet.com. Email to jdecker@keelynet.com

Planetary Association for Clean Energy, Inc. (P.A.C.E.)

energie.keng.de/~pace/

Quest of Overunity, by Jean-Louis Naudin

members.aol.com/Jnaudin509/

Weird Science, Anomalous Physics and Tesla Society

www.eskimo.com/~billb/weird.html

Zero Point Energy and the New Physics

www.dnai.com/~zap/

ORGANIZATIONS

Academy for New Energy (ANE)
A subsidiary organization to the International Association for New Science, which has specific goals directed toward the field of alternative and "New" energy research. 1304 S. College Ave., Fort Collins, CO 80524. Tel. 970-482-3731.

Institute for New Energy (INE)
The organization to promote and help find funding for new energy research. The INE web site at Error! Bookmark not defined. contains many important scientific papers and current reports on all areas of research. Email to Error! Bookmark not defined. . INE, P.O. Box 58639, Salt Lake City, UT 84158-8639. TEL 801-583-6232, FAX 801-583-2963. Features "New Energy News", the monthly newsletter for the INE, highlighting the research and development in the worldwide new energy arena. Edited by Hal Fox.

KeelyNet BBS
Science and health oriented information exchange that specializes in nonstandard research, much of it on new energy. Jerry Decker, 214-324-3501. Web site at Error! Bookmark not defined.. Email to Error! Bookmark not defined.

PADRAK
Personal Assistance and Development through Research and Acquired Knowledge. Technical knowledge and information transfer in the areas of advanced energy conversion, alternative healing, and commercialization. TEL 415-949-4864, FAX 415-949-4864 (press start), Email to Error! Bookmark not defined..

COMMERCIAL SOURCES

A list of commercial companies (listed alphabetically) that are expressing interest in commercializing cold fusion or other enhanced energy devices.

American Pure Fusion Engineering and Supply
Information and troubleshooting for the fusion research and development industry. Developing "Fullerene Fusion Fuel (TM)." Salem, Oregon. The President, Warren Cooley, can be reached at 1-800-789-7109 or 503-585-6746. Email to: Error! Bookmark not defined..

BlackLight Power, Inc.
Information on BlackLight Power process developed by Dr. Randell Mills. Complete information can be found at website Error! Bookmark not defined..

CAI, Inc.
CAI has acquired the rights to develop and produce a new-type of thermal power based on the controlled production of clean nuclear reactions from micro-minature tokamaks. Contact through FIC, Voice 801-583-6232, Fax 801-583-2963.

CETI - Clean Energy Technologies, Inc.
Developers of the "Patterson Power Cell" (TM), Dallas, Texas.
Voice: 214-982-8340, FAX 214-982-8349.

Clustron Sciences Corporation
Clustron has developed a new model of the atomic nucleus, the Nucleon Cluster Model. This model leads to a new understanding of nuclear phenomena, including transmutation and cold fusion. Clustron has patents pending on several potential commercial applications based on the model. For more information see Error! Bookmark not defined. or contact Ron Brightsen at 703-671-3216

ENECO
Portfolio of intellectual property including over thirty patents issued or pending in cold nuclear fusion and other enhanced energy devices. Salt Lake City, Utah. Contact Fred Jaeger, Voice:801-583-2000, FAX 801-583-6245.

E-QuestSciences
Exploring "The Micro-Fusion (TM)" process. Seeking qualified research partners for their sonoluminesence program. Contact Russ George, FAX 415-851-8489

Fusion Information Center (FIC)
Development of new energy systems. The world's most complete resource depository for cold fusion research information, as well as other new energy research including zero-point energy; space energy research; electronic, electromagnetic, and mechanical over unity devices and more. We are the publishers for "Fusion Facts", "New Energy News", and the "Journal of New Energy". Voice 801-583-6232, Fax 801-583-2963. Contact Hal Fox.

Holotec AG
Clean Energy Technology. Contact AndreÕ Wasner, General Manager, Bireggstrasse 14, CH-6003, Luzern, Switzerland. TEL 011 41-41 360 4485, or FAX 011 41-41 360 4486.

Hydro Dynamics, Inc.
Hydrosonic Pump, heat-producing systems using electrical input with high thermal efficiencies. Rome Georgia. Contact James Griggs, TEL 706-234-4111, FAX 706-234-0702.

JET Energy Technology, Inc.
Design and manufacture of pi-electrode systems, calorimeters, and associated equipment and systems. Consulting regarding radiation, materials, and other scientific and engineering issues. Weston, MA. Contact Dr. Mitchell Swartz, TEL 617-237-3625. FAX 617-237-3625.

Labofex, Experimental and Applied Plasma Physics
R&D of PAGD (Pulsed Abnormal Glow Discharge) plasma technology. Developments include protable power supplies, electric vehicles and autonomous housing. Licensing. Ontario, Canada. Contact Dr. Paulo N. Correa. TEL 905-660-1040, FAX 905-738-8427

Magnetic Power Inc.
The Joint Venture partner with Sciex (UK) for Takahashi supermagnets and supermotors in North America. Sebastopol, CA. Contact Mark Goldes, TEL 707-829-9391, FAX 707-829-1002.

Nova Resources Group, Inc.
Design and manufacture ETC (Electro Thermal Cell), EG (commercial power cogeneration module), and IE (Integrated Electrolytic system). Denver, CO. Call Chip Ransford, TEL 303-433-5582.

UV Enhanced Ultrasound
Cold Fusion Principle being used for an ultrasonic water purifier. Hong Kong. FAX 852-2338-3057.

YUSMAR
A scientific-commercial company, to manufacture, licence, and conduct research and developement of water-based generators: thermal (5 sizes), electrothermal (up to 2 MW), and 'quantum' types. President: Dr. Yuri S. Potapov, 277012 Kishinev, Moldova. Phone and Fax 011-3732-233318.

Zenergy Corporation

Founded in 1996 to facilitate the introduction of commercially viable energy alternatives. (formerly Power Cell Technologies). Contact Reed Huish: TEL 602-814-7865, FAX 602-821-0967, E-mail info@zenergy.com , and web site home page at Error! Bookmark not defined.

BIOGRAPHIES

BRIAN O'LEARY

Brian O'Leary received his Ph.D in astronomy from the University of
California at Berkeley in 1967 and was appointed that year as a NASA
scientist-astronaut. He has served on the faculties of Cornell, Berkeley,
Cal Tech and Princeton, has published 100 peer-reviewed papers in the
scientific literature, and is the author of ten books on science and the
environment.

Dr. O'Leary served as special advisor on energy for the U.S. House Interior
Committee's Subcommittee on Energy and the Environment.

The current article draws on a recent world tour and research for his recent
book Miracle in the Void, which investigates the potential of zero-point or free
energy to supplant existing fossil fuel and nuclear alternatives.

Most recently, Dr. O'Leary co-founded the International Association for New
Science, The Institute for New Energy and The Academy of New Energy.

STEPHEN KAPLAN

Stephen Kaplan received his M.A. in government from Cornell University in
1965. On the national level, Mr. Kaplan has served as a legislative aide to
Senator Gaylord Nelson of Wisconsin, working in the fields of economic
opportunity, housing and energy, and as an associate of the Adlai Stevenson
Institute in Chicago. He has also served on the board of the National Rural
Housing Coalition. He has also been a board member of the Oregon Interreligious
Committee for Peace in the Middle East.

On the local level, Mr. Kaplan has worked as director of community
development for the Champlain Valley Office of Economic Opportunity
(Burlington, Vermont), founder-director of the Vermont Housing Investment
Fund, and a consultant to a variety of community development corporations
and neighborhood associations. In 1971, he was one of the founders and
first chair person of the Liberty Union, a third party in Vermont

Mr. Kaplan has taught political science, community development and
creativity courses at a number of colleges and universities. He also
founded Creativity Associates, a firm providing training in creativity and
accelerated learning to corporations, non-profit organizations and
individuals. Currently, Mr. Kaplan is conducting research on new energy research and
development. He is on the staff of the Catalyst Institute, a newly formed non-profit
which is supporting the work of scientists working on the frontiers of
research concerning health and the environment.

WALKING BACKWARDS INTO THE FUTURE

Stephen Kaplan

On March 12, 1998, The Oregonian expressed editorial concern that the
Department of Energy (DOE) was not moving aggressively enough to deal with
the most volatile problems at the Hanford Nuclear Reservation because of
fiscal considerations. That concern is certainly a valid one, but the
Oregonian, as well as most of nation's media, has not examined a more
serious deficiency in DOE's approach to the nation's nuclear waste crisis:
Its failure to examine sufficiently promising new ways to handle nuclear
waste that are safer and less costly than current methods of encapsulation,
transportation and geologic storage.

This little known story is related to equally unpublicized research on
radically new energy processes that could totally replace the use of fossil
fuels and nuclear power. These processes are more powerful than
conventional alternative energy such as wind, solar or geothermal and are
not dependent upon weather conditons or day-night cycles. Scientists and
inventors all over the world have found that not only are they very
powerful but their output is substantially greater than what is needed to
trigger their operation, a phenomenon known as over-unity power. Equally
startling is the serendipitous finding that some of these proceeses
transmute radioactive elements into harmless, stable elements.

Some scientists are beginning to develop theories to explain these
findings, while others claim they must be errors in experimental
observation, since they violate the laws of physics. The resulting debate
is as fierce as earlier debates in the history of science, going back to
the time of Galileo, and continuing through the controversies surrounding
the work of the such great scientists as Edison, Tesla, Einstein and many
others.

What will settle the issue is the success of several companies which are
on the verge of bringing to market commercial scale devices that clearly
and unmistakably produce safe and dependable overunity power. Two
companies, CETI and the Cincinnati Group, are already marketing
proof-of-concept devices to the scientific community.

One would think that the Department of Energy would demonstrate a healthy
interest in these new technologies. Unfortunately, the DOE is not only not
actively conducting or supporting research in this field, it has
historically put up roadblocks to progress.

In 1989 Drs. Pons and Fleischmann astounded the world by announcing they
had created overunity power via a "cold fusion" nuclear reaction using a
relatively simple, bench top electrolytic cell. Shortly thereafter the DOE
set up a panel of scientists to determine whether it should invest in cold
fusion research. Heavily influenced by scientists engaged in research on
hot fusion, the panel very quickly concluded that cold fusion should not
receive government funding. Once that decision was made, the Office of
Patents and Trademarks rejected hundreds of cold fusion patent applications
(the only two ever approved were both for Dr. James Patterson's CETI power
cell). Major universities were threatened with cutbacks in federal funds if
they gave support to cold fusion research. DOE grant programs, once open to
a variety of technical approaches, listed cold fusion as being ineligible
for funding.

While facing an uphill battle in the U.S., cold fusion research is gaining
increasing support in Japan, France, Italy and other countries. In Japan,
cold fusion research has been supported by such corporations as Toyota,
Mitsubishi Heavy Industry, and Toshiba, and over 100 cold fusion patents
have been granted. In Europe, research is being funded by Fiat in Italy and
the French government, and recently Germany has announced it will begin its
own program.

Ironically, government scientists, using unrestricted funds, have come up
with findings that replicate the excess energy and transmutation claims of
other cold fusion researchers. Researchers at Los Alamos National
Laboratory and the U.S. Navy's China Lake research facility have done some
of the best experiments. The U.S. Army is supporting innovative cold fusion
research by Dr. John Dash, a Portland State University metallurgist.

New energy transmutation technologies could reduce nuclear waste clean-up
costs by billions of dollars and get rid of the waste permanently. Hal Fox,
editor of the peer-reviewed Journal of New Energy, claims that with the use
of low-energy nuclear reaction processes, a kilogram of radioactive
elements could be transmuted on site into stable elements for a one-time
cost of $2500. By comparison the current estimated cost of using current
technology to deal with the same amount of waste would be $2500 per
kilogram per year for over 10,000 years!

Fluor Daniel, the company in charge of cleanup at Hanford, has reviewed
the performance of the CETI power cell. Dr. Norm Olson, the scientist
conducting the review, acknowledges that it reduces the radioactivity of
elements such as uranium and thorium. However, much more research needs to
be done to determine whether the CETI power cell or other promising new
processes can be developed into effective alternatives to existing waste
disposal methods.

Judging from DOE budgetary priorities, it is doubtful the Department is
willing to invest what is needed to make that determination. Fossil fuel
technologies, nuclear energy, hot fusion and even conventional alternative
energy (solar, wind, geothermal, etc.) receive varying levels of R&D
support , but not one penny is being spent or budgeted by the DOE for
research into low-energy nuclear reactions or any other advanced new energy
technology.

Our government needs to re-examine its policies toward new energy
technologies at the highest level. As a first step, the Secretary of
Energy should immediately launch a comprehensive study of new energy
research and development in the United States and elsewhere in the world,
with a special focus on its applicability to nuclear waste remediation. To
avoid the biases of the DOE's 1989 review, the study should be overseen by
scientists representative of all points of view in this controversial
field. Citizens of the Northwest and their elected representatives should
demand nothing less in order to protect public health and safety.

AN OPEN LETTER TO PRESIDENT CLINTON ON OUR ENERGY FUTURE

Dear President Clinton:

You have expressed great cdncern about global warming and the long-term
impact of the burning of fossil fuels on the environment. A growing body of
evidence indicates that low-energy nuclear processes could become a source
of abundant, non-polluting energy. Yet you are not receiving accurate
advice about this possibility from your Department of Energy (DOE).

The Department of Energy is providing erroneous information to public
officials about research on low-temperature nuclear reaction processes
(popularly but perhaps misleadingly known as "cold fusion"). In a recent
letter to Congresswoman Elizabeth Furse, the Department claims that the
reports of "anomalous excess energy and "anomalous nuclear effects" in cold
fusion experiments have not been verified and that there is "no scientific
evidence... that would suggest transmutation of radioactive materials can
be achieved through low-temperature nuclear processes."

This position reflects the stand the Department took in 1989 when one of
its panels recommended that no government funding should be provided for
research in this field. When that judgment was made, not all the evidence
was in. Now that many years have passed, during which substantial research
has been done in this field worldwide, it is clear that the Department's
conclusion was seriously inaccurate even in 1989, and it is even more so
today.

There is a growing body of experimental evidence that indicates anomalous
excess heat and transformation of elements are regular occurences in cold
fusion experiments. This was confirmed at the Seventh International
Conference on Cold Fusion (ICCF-7) that was held in Vancouver, BC April
19-24, 1998. At that conference, Dr. Les Case, a New Hampshire engineer,
shared his path-breaking research on a cold fusion cell that appears to
dependably produce excess energy. Subsequent tests of that process by
scientists at Cold Fusion Technology, Inc. verify his claims.

Not only has there been tremendous progress in basic research, but several
companies in the United States are working hard to bring to market
commercial units. Clean Energy Technologies, Inc. (CETI) of Sarasota,
Florida, BlackLight Power, Inc. of Malvern, Pennsylvania, and ENECO of Salt
Lake City - to name the more well-known efforts - are developing commercial
heating and electricity generating devices.

There is also evidence that indicates that low-energy nuclear processes can
transmute radioactive elements into non-radioactive substances. Two
companies - CETI and the Cincinnati Group - have sold demonstration
transmutation devices to other scientists. The CETI power cell was
highlighted on ABC's Good Morning America and Nightline. Transmutation of
radioactive elements by both of these devices has been confirmed by
independent laboratories.

You might want to balance advice coming from the DOE against appraisals
provided by more more open-minded scientists. Only in this way will you be
assured you are getting good guidance on a matter of critical importance to
our energy future.

I suggest that you consult with several scientists who have been involved
in this field while working for the government: (1) Dr. Tom Claytor of the
Los Alamos National Laboratory, whose experiments indicate that tritium can
be produced by low-energy nuclear reaction processes; (2) Dr. Melvin Miles,
a scientist on the staff of the Navy's China Lake facility, who has also
found transmutation of elements in his research; 3) Dr. David Nagel, head
of the Condensed Matter and Radiation Sciences Division of the Naval
Research Laboratory, who recently prepared a judicious appraisal of the
status of cold flision research; and (4) Dr. Edmund Storms, formerly with
Los Alamos National Laboratory, who also published an excellent discussion
of the cold fusion controversy.

Although evidence for the reality of low-energy nuclear processes is being
ignored by your scientific advisors, it has not escaped the attention of
scientists advising foreign governments. For example, Dr.George Lonchampt
of the French Atomic Energy Commission has successfully replicated the
original cold fusion experiment of Drs. Martin Fleischmann and Stanley
Pons. At his urging, the French Atomic Energy Commission is now funding
cold fusion research.

In attendance at ICCF-7 were prominent scientists from Japan, China,
Russia, Italy, Germany and other countries. Among the Chinese scientists
were representatives from the high-level Institute of Modern Physics of the
Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Many years ago, the U.S. government ignored the scientific claims of Robert
Goddard, the inventor of the liquid-fueled rocket. Germany did not ignore
his research, with devastating and almost disastrous results for the world.
Will a mistake like that be repeated today?

Unless you reach out widely and get scientific advice from a wide variety
of advisors, you will not be able to devleop a rational energy policy for
future. If your official advisors are so wrong regarding cold fusion
research, what other information vital to national security and well-being
might they be keeping from you? May I respectfully suggest that this
question deserves high priority attention.

Sincerely,
Stephen Kaplan

Send e-mail to Steve Kaplan
6805 N. Williams St., Portland, OR 97217, Phone: 503-735-1968